稍微翻譯了一下：

1）花5min看懂標(biāo)題（一些定義可在前言中找），and在看正文之前，

      a）設(shè)想如何做該實驗（寫成list），實驗會有些什么數(shù)據(jù)，根據(jù)這些數(shù)據(jù)如何得到結(jié)論，從而可發(fā)現(xiàn)：

         1.    did you miss a critical point, or (this happens) did they?  

         2.     Did they mislead you with their title?

記�。�having a list that varies from the list of actual experiments done by the authors is perfectly OK.

       b）如果看文獻(xiàn)是為了解決自己的問題：

Skip/ignore anything that doesn’t answer your questions. Then, generate your list of experiments.

2）看摘要：

            一般有目的，方法，結(jié)論三部分。注意：找到

        a）how and why the experiments were performed. You can then tell how close your list is to theirs.

        b）get a sense for the order in which experiments are going to be presented. Ignore everything else.

3）仔細(xì)閱讀正文的結(jié)論部分

        a） Let them tell you why they did the experiments, and what they think happened as a result. Assume everything they tell you is the absolute truth

         b）compare your list with theirs：

Write down what differences there are, and note why you think the lists are different: are the authors leaving things out you’d like to see, or are they on a different track than you?  

        The key here is to fully understand their train of thought. If you can’t figure it out, write that down, too, specifying exactly where you fell off

the train. Then move on. From here on, focus on the material you understand from the Results, and ignore what you don’t understand.

       c）仔細(xì)看圖及圖的說明

           BE CRITICAL: Assume they are trying to pull a fast one on you.

           Make sure that when they say something, the data actually show it.  

       d）問兩個問題：（在“材料和方法”中尋找，別在M&M中耗時間）

          1.   what are the controls for that experiment?  

          2.   How do you know that this result isn’t due to something else?  

       e）找出隱藏結(jié)論（一般是限于篇幅而未能發(fā)表）

            Challenge yourself to find alternate explanations for the results:

           1.  what do you think they chose to omit?  

         2.  Why did they omit it?

（在繼續(xù)讀下去之前，列一個閱讀所得的list）

4）looking for a clear justification for why the authors chose to do their experiments.  

     What is the main question that they claim to be answering?

5）Compare the authors’ main question, their data, and their conclusions.

    1.  did they answer their question?  

    2.  Did they do the right experiments to address their question?  

    3.  If your list of experiments differs from theirs, is their line of experimentation better?  

    4.  If you had to answer this research question, knowing all that you know now, how would you do it? Maybe borrow some of their experiments? Or do exactly what they did?

6） Read the discussion

The discussion should tell you why their work is important, and how it advances the field.

評價該文很重要的一點：文中是否預(yù)料到并很好的回答了你的問題

7）Project into the future.

如果是你，下一步能做什么？有什么可提高的？有什么缺陷要彌補？如何與下一步工作銜接？

8）回顧整體風(fēng)格

    1.  What phrases do they use to introduce their ideas?  

    2.  How are the figures labeled?  

    3.  Is this a well-constructed paper?  

    4.  Is there anything in the paper you'd like to emulate?